Wood is a sustainable and renewable fuel option when managed and chosen correctly. By burning dry, seasoned wood with low moisture content, purchasing locally sourced wood, supporting sustainable forestry and responsible woodland management practices we can harness the benefits of wood fuel while minimising its environmental impact.
Wood is considered to be a renewable fuel source because trees can be continuously regrown. When burned, wood releases stored carbon into the atmosphere and so long as new trees are planted to replace the harvested ones, there is a closed or neutral carbon loop because trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow.
Compared with coal, a non-renewable resource, responsibly sourced wood, dried to the right level, produces far fewer pollutants when burned.
Key Things To Note When Burning Wood Sustainably
Consider replacing old, inefficient stoves and open fires. Modern stoves are designed to be highly efficient, providing far more heat in the home whilst consuming less fuel and releasing fewer emissions.
Invest in a moisture meter and only burn logs under 20% moisture content. When wood with a moisture content higher than 20% is burned, up to five times more emissions are released.
Opt for kiln dried or seasoned logs which have a low moisture content to minimise the particulates released into the atmosphere when burning. Naturally seasoned logs (stored carefully for 1-2 years) are typically less expensive than kiln dried, but should be tested for moisture before use as they are less consistent. Look out for the Ready to Burn certification mark to ensure your wood is dry and ready to use.
Hardwoods such as ash, beech and oak provide the best firewood as they are dense and contain less sap and burn hotter for longer but can be difficult to light. Softwood logs like cedar and pine are often cheaper, light more easily but burn very quickly and contain resin which will likely build up tar deposits in the flue. Softwood is a good option for kindling.
Do not burn wood waste such as old pallets that may be contaminated with paint, glue, preservatives or additives etc. Treated or painted wood releases toxins harmful to humans, animals and the environment when burned and can cause damage to your stove. Avoid burning cardboard or paper which can create excess smoke and chimney blockages.
Try to source wood locally where possible – reducing travel distances by road will reduce the carbon footprint and buying direct from producers increases the transparency of the origin of the wood supply. Local supplies where trees are removed due to wind damage, end of life or safety reasons are ideal. Supporting the local economy and communities can also promote sustainable woodland management.
Seek out wood certification from recognised forestry programs, such as the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI) which ensure responsible forest management practices and contribute to the overall sustainability of wood fuel. Properly managed woodlands are vital to our ecosystem and our wildlife and play a vital role in water resource management, minimising flood impact and regulating water availability. Forests also play a massive role in climate regulation through carbon dioxide absorption.
Consider alternative sources of wood such as wood pellets or briquettes made from wood waste or by-products of wood manufacturing industry.
Ensure your chimney is swept regularly and your stove is well maintained so that it is running as efficiently and safely as possible.